Lisa's right. Some of the old budget tools don't work so well today. Fewer of
our purchases are made with cash. So merely controlling cash isn't an effective
budget tool.
Before we look specifically at Lisa's question, let's spend a moment to talk
about how budgets can be used.
A budget is a wonderful way of collecting information about your finances and
presenting it in a way that's useful to you. A simple monthly budget can tell
you at a glance where your money is going. When compared to previous months it
can tell you what's changing in your spending patterns. That's important. Just
knowing that your electric bill is higher could help you identify an air
conditioner that needs servicing before it breaks down completely.
It's also a good way to find potential savings. If you need to reduce spending
by $250 a month, don't look in a category where you only spend $300.
Lisa is attempting to use her budget for it's second purpose. A budget can
provide discipline and control over-spending.
There are variations, but in the basic envelope system Lisa would cash her
paycheck. She would have a number of envelopes for the different categories of
spending: rent, food, transportation and so on. Cash from her paycheck would be
divided into the various envelopes based on how much she felt she needed in that
category.
For instance, if she got paid weekly and expected to spend $40 per week on
groceries, $40 would go into the 'grocery' envelope. When she went to the store
she'd take the 'grocery' envelope with her and pay for her purchases with the
money in the envelope. If she got to the checkout and had more than $40 worth of
groceries in her cart she could return some groceries or take some cash from
another envelope. Of course, that meant that she'd have less to spend on that
category until the next payday.
The envelope system worked well when we used cash for all of our purchases. You
immediately knew if you could afford a purchase. Moving money from one envelope
to another was a warning sign that you could be getting into trouble.
Unfortunately, very few of us use much cash anymore. We're much more likely to
pull out a credit/debit card or write a check. And an envelope system doesn't
handle credit cards very well.
One way to modify the envelope system is to add an additional envelope for your
checking account. When you charge something move cash to the 'checking account'
envelope. If you charge $20 worth of groceries, move $82 from the 'grocery' to
'checking account' envelope. Then when the credit card bill comes you'll have
the money available to pay the bill.
Or Lisa could use a 'pretend envelope' system. She would set it up just as if
she were going to use an envelope system. But she wouldn't actually put cash
into the envelopes. Instead on the front of the envelope she'll list how much
money is assigned to it. As she writes checks or makes charges, she'd subtract
that money from the balance listed on the front of the envelope. When the
running balance on the front of the envelope got to zero she'd have to quit
spending in that category or 'move' money from another envelope.
Another way would be to use one or more sheets to keep a running balance for
each category. She could have one sheet represent each envelope. Or she could
have one sheet per month that contained the balances for all of the envelopes.
The sheets, or perhaps a small spiral notebook, could be kept in her pocket or
purse.
The danger in any virtual envelope plan is that you'll forget to make the entry
and your balance will appear bigger than it is. One way to avoid that is to put
any receipt into your pocket or purse. When you get home you can deduct the
expense from the proper envelope and place the receipt inside.
There are also products that Lisa can buy that will help. One is available at
budgetmap.com. They offer a specialized check register that allows you to keep
track of different budget categories. Another is mvelopes.com. They feature an
online approach.
Lisa is wise to recognize the limitations of any tool that she uses. But, she's
also smart to look for a system to help her keep her finances in line.
Gary Foreman is a former financial planner who currently edits The Dollar
Stretcher website <www.TheDollarStretcher.com>.
If you'd like to same time or money, visit today!